The working principle of gear pumps
Release time:
2022-05-25 13:22
Working Principle of Gear Pumps: The driving gear with internal teeth (outer rotor) rotates in the same direction as the inner rotor within a fully enclosed pump housing. Crescent-shaped plates on the pump body and front cover separate the suction port from the discharge port. As the rotors turn, a negative pressure is created at the suction port, drawing liquid into the pump. The rotors then convey the liquid to the discharge port, where it is expelled from the pump under pressure, completing the fluid transfer process. The pump primarily consists of inner and outer rotors, shafts, a pump housing, a front cover, a bracket, seals, bearings, and other components. There are two types of seals: mechanical seals and packing seals. For high-temperature, high-viscosity, or highly corrosive media, packing seals are recommended. When transporting materials prone to crystallization, insulation jackets can be designed on the front cover and pump housing, allowing steam heating and melting during operation. The pump can be equipped with a relief valve; when the pump or pipeline system experiences overpressure, the valve opens to create internal recirculation, thereby safeguarding the system. Internal components of internal gear pumps wear over time—gear pump casings, oil seals, and oil seal aging all contribute to wear. Wear on the internal components of the gear pump leads to internal leakage. A large leakage area between the shaft sleeve and the gear end faces is the primary cause of oil leakage. Wear and internal leakage reduce the volumetric efficiency of gear pumps, resulting in an output power that is significantly lower than the input power.
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